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Приложение 6. Протоколы текстов к заданиям итогового теста

Task A1-A8 Situation 1

That Annapurna Himalaya Trek is quite unusually because it's a circular trek. One of very few in the world, so the scenery doesn't repeat. You don't have to pass the same thing twice.

You start out from a much lower elevation and you're going through similar to tropical jungle type of sur­roundings and as you're slowly ascending you get up above the tree-line into the mountains and by the time you get over the Throngala Pass, which is well over 5,000 meters you're in a winter wonderland and surrounded by mountain peaks well over 6,000 meters.

Situation 2

From the WJAM eye in the sky, this is Abby Adams with a 3 p.m. traffic update. There is a huge backup right now on the interstate freeway southbound near the Fifth Street exit, due to a car- truck collision. Police and aid cars are on the scene, and it looks like it's going to take awhile to clear it up. The right two lanes are blocked, but the two left lanes are open, and there's a police officer directing vehicles. Northbound traffic on the interstate is also bottle-necking through that area as drivers slow to take a look. But that congestion should ease in a few minutes, as we see traffic authorities getting ready to switch the special express lanes from southbound to north­bound at 3:30. Traffic on other major roadways looks normal at this hour.

Situation 3

Julia: What was your wife wearing? Was she in black as well?

Nathan: She did two different dresses.

Nathan: She did two different dresses.

Julia: Oh, nice.

Nathan: And so she had this white wedding dress for the fake church ceremony and then after­wards during the lunch she got changed into a dress and it was made from, it was made from an old Japanese kimono.

Julia: Like silk?

Nathan: So it was all made of silk and it was bright pink with peacocks and flowers and things. Julia: Sounds gorgeous.

Nathan: And she'd taken it to a shop and they'd converted it for her.

Julia: Sounds beautiful. Does she still have that then? Did she keep that?

Nathan: Yep.

Julia: Does she still wear it?

Nathan: Does she still wear it? If she had an occasion, there's never going to be an occasion where you can wear that dress but it's a pretty amazing dress to look at.

Julia: So I guess it's about the memory though, it's certainly, it's certainly a memorable occasion Situation 4

Pete Patterson here for Hair Apparent. If hair loss has got you feeling blue, then I've got good news for you. Hair Apparent can restore your hair naturally, without plugs, lotions, or painful surgery. Hair Apparent's experienced doctors combine the use of hair from other parts of your body with their patented growth gel to give you a full, natural-looking head of hair within six- to eight-weeks. My appointment with Dr. Barringer at Hair Apparent was smooth and easy. I re­laxed and watched DVD's while Dr. Barringer examined my scalp, then painlessly started treat­ment. Guys, this was the best decision I have ever made. My nearly bald head is now covered with thick, rich, soft hair that honestly looks better than it did before it fell out. My wife can't believe it! Call Hair Apparent at 555-1209 today for a free consultation, or visit one of their two locations: 123 Main Street downtown or 345 Pine Street on the east side.

Situation 5

Coast weather will continue to be warm and sunny for the next two days. At the weekend, though, clouds will be moving in on the north part of the coast. The temperatures there will drop into the low 70s, with showers on Saturday and possible thunder storms on Sunday. On the south coast, the sun should continue through the weekend, with highs in the middle 80s. At the start of next week, we expect some clearing in the north, with rain in the mornings and partly sunny skies in the afternoons. The highs in the north will gradually climb into the 80 again by this time next week.

In the south, next week looks to be much like this one has been so far.

Situation 6

Hi, this is Sheila Lancaster from Terrific Travel calling with a message for Robert Pierce. I was unable to book a flight on the 30th, so I booked a flight at 8:30 a.m. the 31st with Arizona Air. You'll need to be at the airport two hours before departure, and your tickets will be waiting at the check-in counter. When the plane lands in Arizona Springs, Mr. Tim Lazarro will meet you at the gate and drive you to the Desert Oasis hotel. Look for a man holding a sign with your name on it. You're booked into the Desert Oasis for four nights, with a return flight scheduled for 3 p.m. on the Fourth. If you have any questions, Mr. Pierce, please give me a call at 559-3447.

Situation 7

I'm Wendy Wilkens with a 5 p.m. news update. Firefighters now say they have the wildfire burn­ing in the eastern foothills under control. The blaze, which has been raging for three days, de­stroyed nearly 500 acres of land and damaged 10 homes. No injuries have been reported. Fire chief Mike Montgomery said the department is still investigating the cause of the fire, and it's too early to determine if it was set intentionally. Montgomery said fires start easily in this dry weather, and cautioned people again to be very careful with matches and lighters. Campfires have been banned in the eastern foothills, where the fire danger is high, but are still allowed in the northern and western foothills, where the fire danger is currently rated medium. Montgomery said it will take crews another day or two to completely douse the flames, and then cleanup will begin.

Situation 8

I’ve been to a lot of big cities, but Shanghai is a whole another level of big. It’s like the movie Blade Runner mixed with the movie The Matrix. I mean, it is so futuristic and I just—it really blew me away to be in the city. And it also has hints of Europe. I mean, Shanghai is famous for being famous in the 1920s and '30s with ex-patriots coming there, and it’s very international.

And it really does have sort of a charm that a lot of places in China lack because cities in China are so new; a 10 million person city just sort of pops up overnight.

Task B1-B8

- Is it true that most part of Japanese employees will have to do fat tests in future?

- Yes, it is true that the fat tests will start next month. All existing employees of major Japanese companies, aged over 40, both men and women will have to undergo annual health checks. But this time the health checks will include having their waistlines measured. The idea is that it will give a sort of indications as to whether the employees are suffering from the risk of developing metabolic syndrome, the word which has become quite prominent in Japan and in other countries for the last few years. It’s a collection of symptoms associated with being overweight, if left un­checked it could develop into something more serious. We’re talking about heart diseases that kind of thing.

- In the UK we hear about obesity epidemic. Is it a big problem in Japan as well?

- It’s not. Certainly by the standards of the US and some European countries, the Japanese are still relatively slim, fit and healthy and ,of course, the traditional Japanese diet is quite high in salt and is low in fat as in tofu and misu soup, grilled fish, lots of boiled vegetables that kind of thing. But the Japanese are abandoning their traditional diet. They don’t eat it not so often as they should .do. Instead, they are turning to eating more meat, more bread, dairy products, cer­tainly fast food. The fact that they do less exercise than they used to, people tend to sit in a car or train or sit in front of the TV for long periods of time, changes in a diet means that Japan has and does have an obesity problem particularly among middle aged men, it’s not sort of scale as in the US.

- Why are companies taking these steps? Is it up to individuals to source their waistlines?

- Yes, it is. But in Japan corporate culture means that companies are always taken in a rather pa­ternalistic attitude towards their employees.

They want to be more closely involved in their wel­fare way as you could see in the west. One of the reasons is that Japan’s health budget, the age­ing society, the fact that there are so many people aged over 60, who are more susceptible to de­veloping illnesses and they need to be looked after at old age, means that Japan’s health budget has to be under control. And the idea of the Health Ministry is that if they stop people from de­veloping lifestyle related diseases by encouraging them to eat more sensibly, to take exercise. It could save the state lots of money in a long run.

- In the UK companies do random drop tests. Do you think these tests will stop people with a bigger waist line getting a job in the first place?

- That remains to be seen. Companies are being set targets by the Health Ministry and if they fail to reach those targets they could be fined or could be asked to pay surcharges on welfare pay­ments to the national fund for the elderly. This means that perhaps some companies will start to look at new recruits every April when the Japanese business year begins. I think that, perhaps, it is better to employ slimmer people than people of a bit on a podgy side. That remains to be seen. Well, these tests will be just sprung on people. They don’t know exactly when they are going to take place. They will be given time to use their spare time to get a bit of exercise.

Task B9-B14 Speaker 1

While many countries in Europe, including Britain, fear that too many migrants are moving there, there is an argument that allowing more migration would actually be a powerful influ­ence on development in the home countries because people who move get skills and better jobs, and that can feed back into their communities. But the other side is that many people leave because of a lack of development and opportunity, so more should be done to develop at home so that not so many people want to leave.

Speaker 2

If we look at the history of the UK, the history of Cameroon, the history of my own country, the US, they involve the movement of people.

No one can imagine the economy of London in the 18th/19th/20th centuries without the circulation of people between other places and Lon­don, other parts of the UK and London, and now increasingly other parts of the world and Lon­don. In the last census, I believe, 37% of the population of London were born in other countries and they are the economy of London — it's the same for developing countries.

Speaker 3

So, in the case of Cameroon, for example, we have a leader who has been there for 30 years. There are many, many Cameroonians who are very well educated. That is a little-known fact that most migrants from Africa are very, very educated, but they haven't got the opportunities to exercise their skills, so for the brains there to contribute to development there are systems that need to be changed. I do believe that until we start looking at the causes that lead to migration as the point of departure, there won't be any change.

Speaker 4

It is my understanding — and we see evidence in our region — that companies, industry and businesses tend to profit more and gain more from the input of migrant labour than the migrant community. Money that people earn, income from their wages, is essential. It is essential for their survival but it is not enough for them to have a secure, stable future; it is often not enough for them to invest back in their villages and their communities to have longer term op­portunities.

Speaker 5

There are reasons why people leave. If these reasons have not been identified and the solution has not been found, people will not go back. But even if they do go, they will have only a limited impact on the country. And second, it's difficult to see people going back because many of these people have been in host countries for many years; their roots are there, they feel they belong both there and in their countries of origin, and they may not even have the desire to go home. Or they may have the desire but not the incentives. They see that their lives back home would not be the way they are in the destination country.

Speaker 6

Generally, development is associated with urbanization and with a huge increase in population density. So I think, again there’s no easy correlation. There are particular places where a high population pressure is undoubtedly causing local environmental stress. And that’s a problem. Now, traditionally, the way the people have coped with that is to move, is to move to cities. There is no reason to think. There is no particular reason why the situation, for example, in Uganda is so unique. That will happen there. Generally, that has been a positive thing for the de­velopment.

Task A9-A15

S.M. The United Nations had hoped that by 2015 every child will be able to go to primary school but the last time they reported on progress on that goal they said that 69 million children were not still getting primary education. Most of these are in Sub-Saharan Africa. My guest today, Michael Barber, has advised around the world governments about education. He’s now working for the international company Pearson. It recently announced that it would invest millions in pri­vate schools for the world’s poorest families. Is that a right way to tackle a problem or could it undermine what government are trying to do? So Michael Barber welcome to our talk.

M. B. Thank you very much.

S.M. So Pearson called it the affordable learning fund. Tell us how it is going to work.

N. B. The idea is to invest 15 million dollars every next few years and chains of local private schools in developing world, chains aimed at the poorest families in the developing world to provide education for their children. At the moment there is a huge increase in the number of children who attend local private schools. If you go to Delhi, you will find 75% of children who attend local private schools and 30 % who attend government schools, you will find the same or similar numbers in large cities of Africa. If governments are going to solve the problem of edu­cation in developing world, we have to have the government system improving. And we have to invest in the quality of local private schools at the moment, parents are voting their feet and they are leaving government’s side and go to local private schools because government say that on the whole even if enrollment has improved, it still has a very poor quality. 77% of parents in Delhi are choosing local private schools. That tells you something about the quality local government schools there.

S.M. Michael, first of all, tell us what you’re going to do. 15 million dollars is not very much money.

M. B. So right It’s going to be a long start, it may cause a loss of one or two schools run by little family companies. I think we can find some reliable schools.

S.M. Are the run by Pearson?

M. B. No, no we are a minority in this sphere. We back up entrepreneurs from India, Pakistan or Africa. So we will be a minority to run these schools.

S.M. Michael, you’ve told us about private schools in places like Africa. I want to presume this is going to be for middle classes, that can’t really be for the millions of children who are strug­gling to get education.

M.B. On the contrary, these are schools for very poor people who are talking at the lowest level 3or 4 dollars a month and at higher levels 9 or 10 dollars a month.

S.M. So you think a family will pay 3 dollars a month.

M. B. Yes, that a low range of spectrum. So if you think about day wages of a labourer for month schooling, this is really a low cost education. This is not Pearson that builds the sector. The sector creates itself. Over the last 15 years there’s been a huge increase in parents’ using lo­cal private schools. The poorer the quality of the government schools, the more likely you would have local private schools. Parents know that the world is changing. They know that their child can only succeed in the future if they have a good education. So they choose this school.

S.M. Still parents don’t pay a fee in local private schools.

M.B. Right, local government schools are officially free. All these charges for uniforms, for textbooks are hidden costs. Sometimes the sum goes up and it can be 75 % of the cost of a place in a local private schools. That’s the fact that should be taken into account. But the other thing to take into account is this - most people across the developed world and many people of the middle class in the developing world have a choice when they send their child school. It’s very patroniz­ing to say to poor people that you have only one choice and it’s a local government school.

S.M. Are any hidden costs in schools you invest - uniforms, books?

M.B. There are no hidden costs. Children pay daily, they pay literally daily. That’s based on con­sultations with parents in the area rather than pay a lump sum once a month or once a quarter. They’d rather pay a small amount each day. And the daily fee includes meal, books, uniforms, everything. They may pay for 10 days.

S.M. For Pearson it is about making money, isn’t it?

M. B. For Pearson it’s about demonstrating that “for profit” education can provide a high quality at a lower cost for poor people. It’s absolutely for profit. Get it right. It’s important to demon­strate profit because we have other investors to come. It’s not a huge pie as you have mentioned. We want to demonstrate that “for profit “ education can work in developing world because we see a huge need and a need they want a good quality of education in local government schools they see a poor quality of education and they choose to pay for it.

Приложение 7. Ключи к тесту

Приложение 8. Профессионально-ориентированная программа обучения

иностранному языку

Правила организации обучения по вариативной части учебного плана___________

В рамках дисциплины "Иностранный язык (стандарт)" проводится обучение английскому языку для русскоязычных студентов и русскому языку как иностранному для иностранных студентов. Русскоязычный гражданин - выпускник Университета с квалификацией (степенью) «бакалавр» должен владеть английским языком (далее "английский язык (стандарт)" в соответствии с уровнем В2. Входное тестирование определяет уровень владения иностранным языком, в соответствии с кото­рым обучение английскому языку осуществляется по траекториям (см. Приложение 4) с привлечени­ем второго иностранного языка для компенсации образующейся разницы в зачетных единицах для студентов с разным уровнем владения английским языком. При незнании языка или начальном уровне 0 (траектория 1 (0-В2)) студент изучает дисциплину в объеме 21 зачетная единица. В случае определения уровня А2 (траектория 2 (А2-В2)) студент изучает английский язык соответственно в объеме 18 зачетных единиц, остальные 3 зачетные единицы набирает за счет изучения второго ино­странного языка. В случае определения уровня В1 (траектория 3 (В1-В2)) студент изучает английский язык в объеме 12 зачетных единиц, остальные 9 зачетных единиц набирает за счет изучения второго иностранного языка.

В случае определения уровня В2 (траектория 4.2 (В1-В2)) студент имеет возможность прослушать поддерживающий курс английского в объеме 6 зачетных единиц, остальные 15 зачетных единиц набирает за счет изучения второго иностранного языка. Достижение уровня В2 владения английским языком (стандарт) подтверждается аттестационными испытаниями. Студенту предоставляется право

выбора только одного второго иностранного языка из перечня языков в Приложении 4.______________________

Иностранный гражданин - выпускник Университета с квалификацией (степенью) «бакалавр» должен владеть русским языком в соответствии со вторым сертификационным уровнем (ТРКИ-2) Российской государственной системы тестирования иностранных граждан по русскому языку, соот­несенным с уровнем В2 Общеевропейской шкалы иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции. Вход­ное тестирование определяет уровень владения русским языком, и в соответствии с количеством по­лученных баллов обучение русскому языку осуществляется по траекториям (см. Приложение 5) с привлечением второго иностранного языка для компенсации образующейся разницы в зачетных еди­ницах для студентов с разным уровнем владения русским языком.

При условии получения студентом баллов в диапазоне 66-79% (1 субтест 60%) (Траектория 1.1) сту­дент изучает дисциплину в объеме 21 зачетная единица. При условии получения студентом баллов в диапазоне 80-90% (1 субтест 75%) (Траектория 2) студент изучает дисциплину в объеме 12 зачетных единиц, остальные 9 зачетных единиц набирает за счет изучения второго иностранного языка. При условии получения студентом баллов в диапазоне 91-100% (1 субтест 85%) (Траектория 3.2) студент изучает дисциплину в объеме 6 зачетных единиц, остальные 15 зачетных единиц набирает за счет изучения второго иностранного языка. Студенту предоставляется право выбора только одного второ­го иностранного языка из перечня языков в Приложении 5._____________________________

Приложение 9. Иллюстрация к заданию 35

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Источник: Говорун Светлана Викторовна. Развитие навыков и умений аудирования у студентов-востоковедов, изучающих английский язык . Диссертация. СПбГУ.. 2015

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